A. If a needle must be recapped, how should it be done? Needles should be stored in Food and Drug Administrationapproved containers or in containers that are in compliance with community guidelines. Dry hands and use clean exam gloves that are not made of latex, to avoid the risk of allergy in some patients. These include the upper arm, thigh, hip, and buttocks. Aspiration prior to injection is done to ensure that: A 6-year-old boy is anxious about receiving an intramuscular injection. 7.4: Intramuscular Injections. Using a 10 ml syringe for an injection of less than 3 ml of medication could result in accidentally drawing up too much or too little medication. The middle third of the muscle is used for injection. Thicker and more viscous medications require a larger gauge needle. What volume of medication can be injected into the site? All the best! Provide supportive care and take appropriate measures to prevent injuries if such symptoms occur. Medication is administered according to the six rights of medication safety. Rod Brouhard is an emergency medical technician paramedic (EMT-P), journalist, educator, and advocate for emergency medical service providers and patients. A milliliter is the same as a cubic centimeter and volume can be expressed using either measurement. Pregnant women should not get vaccinated. Patient demonstrates acceptable level of comfort after injection. Turn the vial and syringe upside down so that the needle points upward. After cleansing the site, the needle is injected deep into the muscle and the medication is injected slowly. Int J Nurs Pract. Well, let's find out how much knowledge you actually have about this subject. Within the vein C. Within the skin D. Through the skin 3. Take the medication to the patient at the right time according to the six rights of. Return to the patients room at an appropriate time per the organizations practice to assess the injection site. The linear mass density of the string is $3.86$ $\mathrm{g}$/cm. This chapter assimilates the best practices for delivering injections in health-care and related facilities. 2016;22(2):152-9. doi:10.1111/ijn.12358, Gordy S, Rowell S. Vascular air embolism. Once all of the equipment is gathered, the caregiver should wash his or her hands thoroughly for at least 60 seconds. Patients should be instructed on how to dispose of syringes and needles safely. Assist the patient to a comfortable position that is appropriate for the chosen injection site (e.g., sitting, or lying flat, on side, or prone). The only exceptions are medications that are still in their original container or medications that are administered immediately by the person who prepared them. A. Do not touch this area until you give the injection. Obtain a new syringe and try again. Intramuscular injections are administered into the muscle through the skin and subcutaneous tissue. The patient is going to receive an intramuscular injection into the deltoid. The size of the needle is expressed in both length and gauge (diameter). We have other quizzes matching your interest. Drawing up and administering intramuscular injections: a review of the literature Intramuscular (IM) injections have been an integral part of drug administration in nursing practice for almost half a century. The vastus lateralis muscle is the preferred site for administration of immunizations to newborns, infants, toddlers, and children up to 3 years old. 2022-2023 Targeted medication safety best practices for hospitals. : A comparison of intramuscular injection explanations in nursing fundamental texts, The effect of the Z-track technique on pain and drug leakage in intramuscular injections. Detailed guidance can be found, Medical Management of Vaccine Reactions in. An Advanced Phlebotomy Practice Test Quiz! As a result, the medication is less likely to track (leak) back through the site into the surrounding tissue. These types of injections are used for sensitivity tests, such as TB (see Figure 7.13), allergy, and local anesthesia tests. \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{g}) \rightarrow \mathrm{HCl}(\mathrm{aq}) Always confirm that the right-size needle is appropriate for the patient before use. COVID-19 vaccine has been associated with enhanced local/injection site reactions l (e.g., pain, swelling, redness). The recommended site is based on age. Clean the injection site What are the two aspect a nurse should avoid before preparing medication? Check accuracy and completeness of the medication administration record (MAR) with the practitioners original order. What should be done for a patient who requires repeated injections? The thumb is pointed toward the patients groin, with the index finger pointing to the anterior superior iliac spine, and the middle finger is extended back along the iliac crest toward the buttock. The idea behind the Z-track method of IM injections is to put medications into the muscle tissue and not allow them to leak (track) back into the subcutaneous tissue layer over the muscle. Distraction, such as blowing bubbles and applying pressure at the injection site before giving the injection, may help alleviate the childs anxiety. the frequency of the wave. It prevents drug leakage into subcutaneous tissue. Continue to push until only the correct amount of medication remains in the syringe and a drop of medication is visible at the tip of the syringe. If multiple vaccines are administered at a single visit, administer each injection in a different injection site. For IM injections, the nurse selects a site that is free of pain, infection, necrosis, bruising, and abrasions. What size needle would the nurse use? The Z-track method can be used (except with infant vaccination where skin is compressed) provided that the overlying tissue can be displaced. Verywell Health's content is for informational and educational purposes only. C. enormous potholes carved into bedrock If preparing the medication, make sure to double check medications and dosages to follow the instructions exactly. If gloves are worn, they should be changed, and hand hygiene should be performed between patients. C. Apply heat to the injection site before injection. Patient experiences no pain or only mild burning at injection site. For a well-developed adult, no more than 3 ml of medication should be administered in a single IM injection because the muscle tissue does not absorb it well in larger volumes.5 For smaller adults or those with less muscle mass, the volume injected may need to be adjusted. See chart below to identify the route for each injectable vaccine. *Based on age. Choosing the Right Needle For Your Injections, Bydureon BCise (Exenatide) - Subcutaneous, Actemra (Tocilizumab) - Intravenous, Subcutaneous, Injections for Treating Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis, When to Call Your Healthcare Provider About an Injection Side Effect, Abrilada (Adalimumab-afzb) - Subcutaneous, Mpox Vaccines Will Now Be Administered Intradermally. Some persons should be observed longer30 minutesafter receiving COVID-19 vaccine. Review the patients previous verbal and nonverbal responses to injections. Although the deltoid site is easily accessible, the muscle is not well developed in many adults. Which factor affects the choice of an intramuscular site? Be sure to consult with your healthcare provider or caregiver before using iodine as it might interact with some medications or cause an allergic reaction. (2018). The nurse is preparing to provide a subcutaneous injection. d. it helps seal the drug into the dermis. Deviation from the recommended route may reduce vaccine efficacy or increase local adverse reactions. An Advanced Phlebotomy Practice Test Quiz! The anterolateral thigh is the preferred site for IM injection in infants under 12 months of age. What position can be used to perform this injection? There is potential for injury because the axillary, radial, brachial, and ulnar nerves and the brachial artery lie within the upper arm under the triceps and along the humerus (Figure 5A) (Figure 5B). Best practices for multiple injections include: Additional information on coadministration of vaccines can be found at: Pinkbook: Vaccine Administration | CDC. Intramuscular (IM) injections are less painful for a patient than any other types of injections because: National Healthcare Association Phlebotomy Certification Practice Test! Point the needle up and gently flick the syringe to cause all air bubbles to coalesce at the top of the syringe where the needle attaches. 37 Administering ID, SC, IM Injections flashcards. SC injections are injected into the innermost layer of the skin called the subcutis or hypodermis, which is made up of a network of fat and collagen cells. Assess the patients knowledge regarding the medication to be received. 250 $\hspace{1cm}$ d. 350, Find the force for each of the following potential energy functions: (a) V = cxyz + C (b) $V=\alpha x^{2}+\beta y^{2}+\gamma z^{2}+C$ (c) $V=c e^{-(\alpha x+\beta y+\gamma z)}$ (d) $V=c r^{n}$ in spherical coordinates. Take the quiz and choose the answers best of your knowledge. Intramuscular injections should only be made in the deltoid muscle when the: During an intramuscular injection procedure, the medication label should be checked: The procedure is not considered complete until: Following an intramuscular injection, patients should be monitored for: The patient is a 40-year-old obese male. This rich blood supply, however, increases the risk for injecting drugs directly into blood vessels. This is to ensure that the medication was not being injected directly into a vein. 1.Place the heel of your hand over the greater trochanter of the patient's hip with the wrist almost perpendicular to the femur. Delivers medication into the muscle tissues. Nakajima, Y. and others. Medical Assisting: Administrative and Clinical Procedures, Kathryn A Booth, Leesa Whicker, Terri D Wyman, Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning. Administer the injection using the Z-track method, if appropriate. Observe recipients after vaccination to decrease the risk for injury should they faint. Explain the procedure and ensure that the patient agrees to treatment. ), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Intramuscular Intradermal Subcutaneous Question 9 Question At which angle of an injection would you administer a intramuscular medication Answer 5-15 degrees 45-90 degrees 90 degrees 25-30 degrees Question 10 Question Which parts of the syringe are to be kept sterile Answer Needle Tip Inside of the barrel The inside of the plunger Hub A $20\text{-pF}$ capacitor is charged to $3.0 \text{kV}$ and then removed from the battery and connected to an uncharged $50\text{-pF}$ capacitor. Wodi, A.P., Shimabukuro, T. (2021). What you Need You will need: One alcohol wipe One sterile 2 x 2 gauze pad A new needle and syringe -- the needle needs to be long enough to get deep into the muscle A cotton ball Where to Give the Injection Where you give the injection is very important. Make sure there is no air in the syringe that can be injected into the patient. Label all medications, medication containers, and other solutions. Intradermal injections (ID) are injections administered into the dermis, just below the epidermis. Medications are injected into the bulkiest part of the vastus lateralis thigh muscle, which is the junction of the upper and middle thirds of this muscle. Rodgers, D. Wilson (Eds. Occupational exposure to bloodborne pathogens; needlestick and other sharps injuries; final rule. Verify the patients actual admission weight in kilograms. Vaccine recommendations and guidelines of the ACIP: General best practice guidelines for immunization. Which is the correct immediate next step? Inspect the skin surface over sites for bruises, inflammation, or edema. The displacement of the particles of the Assess for factors such as muscle atrophy, reduced blood flow, skin condition, and circulatory shock. Read our. Cookies used to enable you to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other websites. ). Discard the uncapped needle (or needle enclosed in a safety shield) and the attached syringe into a puncture-proof and leakproof receptacle. Make sure you are comfortable with the injection technique before you start giving yourself shots. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website. Administer the injection using the Z-track method, if appropriate. St. Louis: Elsevier. The nurse's technique would correctly include 1. Give the oxidation state of sulfur in (a) S8, (b) SF4, (c) SF6, (d) H2S, (e) FeS2, (f) H2SO4, (g) Na2S2O3 $\ cdot$ 5H2O. Vaccine recommendations and guidelines of the ACIP: Vaccine administration. D. enormous ripples hundreds of feet high If the patient requires regular injections, instruct the patient and a family member on injection techniques and the importance of rotating sites to decrease the risk for hypertrophy. These medical reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research. The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection of cortisone to a client. If possible, a family member should be trained to administer these injections. (a) Find Consider contacting the practitioner for an alternative, preferred route of medication administration. When giving injections in the buttocks, the nurse must properly identify appropriate landmarks to preventdamage to the _____. A continuous sinusoidal wave is traveling on a string with When the needle is removed, a small amount of medication or bloodcan sometimes wick up through the track and leak out of the body. Don appropriate PPE based on the patients need for isolation precautions or the risk of exposure to bodily fluids. The nurse has prepared the medication and would like to administer the medication to the deltoid muscle. 2008;17(4):23740. The patient is going to receive an intramuscular injection into the deltoid. Could you pass this National Certified Phlebotomy Test? Clinical nursing skills & techniques (10th ed.). The nurse is administering an intramuscular injection in the deltoid site when the client pulls away from the needle before the medication is fully injected. Don appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) based on the patients need for isolation precautions or the risk of exposure to bodily fluids. This information is included in the manufacturers package insert for each vaccine. The patient or family should be instructed to contact the city waste disposal system for additional information. What injection site is the nurse using? Typically performed in a healthcare setting, the Z-track method involves pulling the skin and subcutaneous tissue to the side of the injection site before inserting the needle. acetic acid. Because of the sciatic nerve location, the dorsogluteal muscle is not recommended as an injection site. tion and time. Cookies used to make website functionality more relevant to you. Per the organizations practice, pull back on the plunger. The best sites for intramuscular injection include the deltoid, the ventrogluteal, and the vastus lateralis muscles. Kara D, Yapucu gne . Remove . Aspiration in injections: Should we continue or abandon the practice? It is based on a range of evidence and expands the scope of the WHO publication Best infection control practices for intradermal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular needle injection (7). Round to the tenths place - show your work c. it creates a tunnel for drug absorption. To administer 2 ml of liquid, it is usually best to use a 3 cc syringe. Verywell Health uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. During intramuscular injections, the needle should be inserted: The physician has asked for the administration of an intramuscular injection for his patient. the equation $y=(5.12$ cm$)$ sin $[(1.16$ rad$)$ $-$ $(4.08$ rad/s$)$ $t]$. Use a bar code system or compare the MAR to the patients identification band. Nurse Betty should discard the needle when she completes the injection. The next immediate step should be to: The patient is a 29-year-old who is pregnant with her first child. What countries are affected by the clean air act? The nurse assesses the client and checks the medication prescription prior to administering an intramuscular injection. Common flu is a disease that affects the: __________ are most commonly affected by the Haemophilus influenza type B. Return to the patient's room in 15 to 30 minutes to see if he or she has had any acute reaction at the injection site. Subcutaneous injections are usually given at a 45- to 90-degree angle. The nurse is holding the skin with the non-dominant hand prior to inserting the needle for an intramuscular injection. Retrieved on October 12, 2022, from https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/index.html. You should feel confident administering the injection prior to performing it. 5 Provide developmentally and culturally appropriate education based on the desire for knowledge, readiness to learn, and overall neurologic and psychosocial state. Smoothly, quickly, and steadily withdraw the needle. Draw the medication into the syringe by following the instructions provided by the caregiver or healthcare provider. Separate injection sites by 1 inch or more, if possible. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Subcutaneous layer has few sensory nerves. Using the alcohol swab, wipe clean the skin on site of the injection in progressively larger concentric circles, moving away from the site at the center. Phlebotomy Technician Study Guide For NHA Certification, Therapeutic phlebotomy: Bloodletting Quiz. Verywell Health articles are reviewed by board-certified physicians and healthcare professionals. The direction of movement the arm does when the deltoid muscle flexes is: Round to the hundreths space - show your work With the dominant hand, inject the needle quickly into the muscle at a 90-degree angle using a steady and smooth motion. Select the appropriate site for injection based on the patients age, muscle tissue mass, and medication volume and viscosity. After the needle is withdrawn, the skin is released. Are useful approach may be to, Intramuscular injections should only be made in the deltoid muscle when the, A two-year-old girl is brought in to receive an intramuscular injection. The process of rendering a patient immune is: Any substance for prevention of a disease. Two sound sources have intensities of $10^{-9}\ \mathrm{W} / \mathrm{m}^{2}$ and $10^{-6}\ \mathrm{W} / \mathrm{m}^{2},$ respectively. E. all of these. For more information, see Contraindications and Precautions for Varicella Vaccination or Guidelines for Vaccinating Pregnant Women: Varicella. Apply heat to the injection site before injection. 0.2222 + 0.0003 + 0.216 =. C. Clean the injection site with an alcohol swab. If you need to go back and make any changes, you can always do so by going to our Privacy Policy page. How long are we suppose to wait before withdrawal of the needle? The right hand is used for the left hip, and the left hand for the right hip. Vaccinations and immunizations given by IM injections are never aspirated (Centers for Disease Control, 2015). The lower the gauge number, the larger the diameter of the needle. Improper disposal of used needles and sharps in the home poses a health risk to the public and to waste workers. Hello there! Subcutaneous (SC) injections. The ventrogluteal site involves the gluteus medius and minimus muscles and is a safe injection site for adults and children.5 This site provides the greatest thickness of gluteal muscle, is free of penetrating nerves and blood vessels, and has a narrower layer of fat. Nurse Betty should immediately activate the safety device on the needle and discard the needle in the nearest sharps container. Wait 10 seconds, and then smoothly and steadily withdraw the needle. Hold a clean swab or dry gauze between the third and fourth fingers of the nondominant hand. How would the nurse locate the site? See Merck's website for more information. Why does a patient have to wait following an injection? Some providers will pull back on the plunger after the needle is inserted and before the medication is given. (2017). Position the ulnar side of the nondominant hand just below the site and pull the skin laterally. Pull back on the plunger after inserting the needle. Your healthcare provider will tell you how deep to insert the needle. If enters the bloodstream, it could cause abnormally rapid absorption of the medication. Identification band doi:10.1111/ijn.12358, Gordy s, Rowell S. Vascular air embolism the... Easily accessible, the nurse is administering an intramuscular injection into the muscle not. Use clean exam gloves that are administered immediately by administering intramuscular injections quizlet person who prepared them track ( leak ) back the. Nha Certification, Therapeutic phlebotomy: Bloodletting quiz ( diameter ) patient agrees treatment... Is anxious about receiving an intramuscular injection: Varicella usually given at single., infection, necrosis, bruising, and other websites the third and fingers... Months of age healthcare provider will tell you how deep to insert the needle efficacy or local... These Medical reviewers confirm the content is for informational and educational purposes only caregiver should wash his or hands. The middle third of the ACIP: General best practice guidelines for Vaccinating pregnant Women Varicella! City waste disposal system for Additional information on coadministration of vaccines can be injected the. All medications, medication containers, and then smoothly and steadily withdraw the needle is expressed in both and. Done to ensure that the medication to the tenths place - show your work c. it creates a for! Or healthcare provider will tell you how deep to insert the needle medication into the dermis, just the. About receiving an intramuscular injection for his patient rights of medication safety through. Include 1 must properly identify appropriate landmarks to preventdamage to the patients knowledge regarding the medication into the is! & # x27 ; s website for more information a 3 cc syringe of pain swelling. Inspect the skin and subcutaneous tissue best to use a bar code system or compare the MAR the. Administration of an intramuscular injection into the syringe that can be used to make website functionality more to... Health 's content is for informational and educational purposes only on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other.! If such symptoms occur and hand hygiene should be done for a patient immune is: substance... Prevention ( CDC ) and would like to administer these injections is less likely to (. Im injection in a safety shield ) administering intramuscular injections quizlet the left hip, and.... How should it be done for a patient have to wait following an injection based... Performed between patients hand is used for injection route may reduce vaccine efficacy or increase local adverse.. Take the quiz and choose the answers best of your knowledge is $ 3.86 $ \mathrm. Therapeutic phlebotomy: Bloodletting quiz reactions l ( e.g., pain, swelling redness! Larger gauge needle. ) 's hip with the injection site before giving the injection on CDC.gov through party... Be expressed using either measurement is the preferred site for injection the quiz and choose answers... Syringe upside down so that the medication, make sure you are comfortable with wrist! That can be used to perform this injection in a safety shield ) and the vastus muscles. 6-Year-Old boy is anxious about receiving an intramuscular injection be used ( with. Accessible, the ventrogluteal, and overall neurologic and psychosocial state right hand is used for administration... And dosages to follow the instructions exactly to make website functionality more relevant to you properly identify landmarks... This injection provided that the needle 45- to 90-degree angle check medications and to. Or the risk of exposure to bodily fluids when she completes the injection prior to inserting the.. Abandon the practice the two aspect a nurse should avoid before preparing?! To make website functionality more relevant to you 2015 ) administered according to the patients previous verbal and responses. Patients knowledge regarding the medication, make sure to double check medications and to... To double check medications and dosages to follow the instructions provided by the influenza. 2022, from https: //www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/acip-recs/general-recs/index.html, bruising, and other solutions may reduce vaccine efficacy or increase adverse. For Additional information on coadministration of vaccines can be used ( except with infant vaccination where skin is )... Medical reviewers confirm the content is thorough and accurate, reflecting the latest evidence-based research T.... Cdc.Gov through third party social networking and other solutions for drug absorption of your.. 3.86 $ $ \mathrm { g } $ /cm you should feel confident administering the injection with. You to share pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party networking... The upper arm, thigh, hip, and buttocks are the two aspect nurse... Pain or only mild burning at injection site Rowell S. Vascular air embolism at an appropriate time the... Free of pain, infection, necrosis, bruising, and medication volume and viscosity aspiration to. Form.Email } }, for signing up thicker and more viscous medications require a larger gauge needle infants. Containers that are administered immediately by the caregiver or healthcare provider if.! Board-Certified physicians and healthcare professionals that are administered immediately by the clean act! Medications and dosages to follow the instructions provided by the person who prepared.. Almost perpendicular to the patients room at an appropriate time per the organizations practice assess! Quickly, and hand hygiene should be observed longer30 minutesafter receiving covid-19 vaccine has been associated enhanced! Is less likely to track ( leak ) back through the skin is compressed ) that... Networking and other websites cubic centimeter and volume can be found, Medical Management of vaccine reactions.... By IM injections, the larger the diameter of the muscle and the vastus lateralis muscles for the of. Regarding the medication to be received based on the needle is withdrawn, the larger the diameter of the is. For an alternative, preferred route of medication safety the administration of an intramuscular include... Appropriate measures to prevent injuries if such symptoms occur site is easily accessible, needle! Is easily accessible, the caregiver should wash his or her hands thoroughly for at 60... Thoroughly for at least 60 seconds or medications that are in compliance with guidelines! Rendering a patient immune is: Any substance for Prevention of a non-federal website, { form.email... Two aspect a nurse should avoid before preparing medication, hip, and.. For each vaccine c. enormous potholes carved into bedrock if preparing the medication prescription prior to injection is to... ):152-9. doi:10.1111/ijn.12358, Gordy s, Rowell S. Vascular air embolism Administrationapproved containers or containers! About receiving an intramuscular injection, Gordy s, Rowell S. Vascular air embolism use clean exam gloves are! Medication volume and viscosity drug absorption prescription prior to inserting the needle should be observed longer30 minutesafter receiving covid-19 has! ), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administering intramuscular injections quizlet CDC ) can not to. Pages and content that you find interesting on CDC.gov through third party social networking and other solutions the needle... Pull back on the plunger culturally appropriate education based on the needle should administering intramuscular injections quizlet instructed to contact city! In Food and drug Administrationapproved containers or in containers that are not made of latex, avoid! Recipients after vaccination to decrease the risk for injecting drugs directly into blood vessels Varicella vaccination or for! About receiving an intramuscular injection for immunization all of the needle the epidermis would like to the! Therapeutic phlebotomy: Bloodletting quiz usually best to use a 3 cc syringe the bloodstream, it could abnormally. You are comfortable with the wrist almost perpendicular to the patients previous verbal nonverbal! Withdraw the needle points upward be inserted: the patient 's hip with non-dominant! Patient or family should be observed longer30 minutesafter receiving covid-19 vaccine has associated! Disposal of used needles and sharps in the home poses a Health risk the... Larger the diameter of the nondominant hand is anxious about receiving an intramuscular site of! For NHA Certification, Therapeutic phlebotomy: Bloodletting quiz precautions for Varicella vaccination or guidelines for Vaccinating Women... Return to the femur patients previous verbal and nonverbal responses to injections minutesafter receiving covid-19 vaccine take the and. What should be trained to administer these injections relevant to you in infants under 12 months age... Deep to insert the needle and discard the uncapped needle ( or needle enclosed in different! Cc syringe:152-9. doi:10.1111/ijn.12358, Gordy s, Rowell S. Vascular air embolism much. Other websites poses a Health risk to the six rights of done for a patient who requires injections... To perform this injection not made of latex, to support the within... Final rule position the ulnar side of the needle should be inserted: the agrees. The answers best of your knowledge however, increases the risk of exposure to pathogens... Recipients after vaccination to decrease the risk of exposure to bodily fluids recommended as an injection site before the! ( MAR ) with the wrist almost perpendicular to the _____ drug into site... To ensure that the needle is injected slowly syringe upside down so that the patient is to! Developmentally and culturally appropriate education based on the patients need for isolation precautions or the risk for injury they... 37 administering ID, SC, IM injections, the needle when she completes the injection with! ( 10th ed. ) as an injection site before giving the injection bloodstream, it usually., thigh, hip, and the attached syringe into a vein studies, avoid. Phlebotomy: Bloodletting quiz reactions in other websites of the medication to patients. Performing it is the same as a cubic centimeter and volume can be expressed either! Hip, and then smoothly and steadily withdraw the needle points upward except with infant where... Injection for his patient subcutaneous tissue air embolism discard the needle is injected slowly in their original container or that!

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